Peculiarities of the impact of learning losses on the formation of human capital in Ukraine under martial law

Abstract

During the period of the pandemic and martial law, Ukraine has lost a significant part of its human capital: assessing these losses and developing proposals for their restoration is especially relevant in the context of the need to restore Ukraine’s economy in the post-war period. The purpose of the article was to study and systematize the causes of human capital losses and their structure, to determine the impact of learning losses on the formation of human capital, as well as to summarize proposals for compensation for learning losses and restoration of human capital. As a result of the analysis of the scientific works, a number of factors have been identified that affect the level of learning losses and learning gaps due to quarantine restrictions in various countries of the world, namely, Germany, Spain, Belgium, China. The systematization of information made it possible to group the factors that affect learning losses in Ukraine, with the allocation of groups of factors that are due to the restriction of opportunities to attend educational institutions, and groups of factors that have arisen as a result of hostilities in Ukraine. The paper substantiates the existence of regional differences in the occurrence of learning losses and their impact on the formation of human capital. The clustering of regions has been carried out on the basis of losses of entrants in educational institutions and the region’s contribution to the creation of the gross domestic product of Ukraine. The results of the clustering made it possible to determine the priority directions for the restoration of human capital. Based on the research results, measures to eliminate learning losses and learning gaps for educational institutions of various levels are proposed, which can be applied in practice in the post-war reconstruction of the country’s economy.